Karakterisasi Sistem Deteksi Waktu Alir Cairan Berbasis Sensor Fotointerruptor pada Viscometer Ostwald
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53696/venn.v5i5.687Keywords:
Viscometer Ostwald, Fluid meniscus, Photointerruptor, Dynamic differentialAbstract
Automated Ostwald viscometers relying on static optical sensors frequently experience missed or false triggers due to voltage baseline drift caused by fluid turbidity, wall fouling, or micro-bubbles. This study presents a discrete differential algorithm ( ) integrated with an exponential moving average (EMA) filter and adaptive baseline tracking on a low-cost photointerrupter setup. The phototransistor signal is digitized via an external 16-bit ADS1115 ADC ( ). The differential threshold is set at , established from a five-sigma ( ) margin above the instrument's baseline noise ( , peak ), combined with a voltage step and a 3-sample ( ) debounce confirmation. Dynamic flow tests at recorded mean efflux times of ( ) for 7 cycles of distilled water, ( ) for 5 cycles of 30% glycerin, and ( ) for 18 consecutive cycles of 2% bovine gelatin. The measured glycerin-to-water efflux time ratio ( ) agreed with the theoretical kinematic viscosity ratio ( ) derived from Hagen-Poiseuille law. Comparative benchmarking across 29 raw recorded cycles demonstrated that the proposed algorithm achieved an valid trigger rate ( ), whereas a conventional fixed-threshold comparator without recalibration yielded only ( ). The algorithm successfully filtered micro-bubble anomalies and maintained timing repeatability despite progressive baseline drift from gelatin wall residues, eliminating manual sensitivity recalibration.
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