Analisis Peran Vegetasi Ruang Terbuka Hijau terhadap Kualitas Air Permukaan di Kawasan Permukiman Padat Kota Makassar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53696/venn.v5i4.468Keywords:
green open space, surface water quality, pollution index, urban settlement, riparian vegetationAbstract
Urban development and land conversion in residential areas of Makassar have increased pressure on surface water quality through domestic wastewater discharge, runoff, and reduced infiltration areas. The degradation of riparian vegetation and green open spaces (RTH) may reduce the ecological functions of urban waters, including filtering pollutants and maintaining environmental balance. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the role of RTH vegetation in maintaining surface water quality in urban settlements using a quantitative descriptive approach. Surface water samples were collected from two rivers and one pond, while the analyzed parameters included pH, DO, BOD, COD, TSS, ammonia, fecal coliform, and total coliform based on Class II water quality standards and Pollution Index (PI) calculations. The results showed that BOD and COD exceeded the quality standards, while other parameters remained within acceptable limits. Pollution Index values ranged from 2.82 to 3.02, indicating lightly polluted conditions. Vegetation in the study area was dominated by Nypa fruticans, Sonneratia caseolaris, Rhizophora mucronata, Samanea saman, and Swietenia mahagoni, which contributed to reducing runoff and maintaining water stability. However, the vegetation had not effectively reduced organic pollution from domestic activities and land-use change. These findings indicate that green open spaces act as ecological buffers and support sustainable water quality management in Makassar by promoting vegetation conservation and improving domestic waste management.
Downloads
References
Abduljaleel, Y., & Demissie, Y. (2021). Evaluation and Optimization of Low Impact Development Designs for Sustainable Stormwater Management in a Changing Climate. Water, 13(20). https://doi.org/10.3390/w13202889
Agustina, L., & Arisoesilaningsih, E. (2013). Variasi Profil Vegetasi Pohon Riparian di Sekitar Mata air dan Saluran Irigasi Tersier di Kabupaten Malang. Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology, 1(3), 85–89.
Anggreini, S. A., Widiarti, I. W., & Asrifah, R. D. (2021). Kesesuaian Tingkat Kerentanan dengan Status Mutu Air Sungai akibat Pembuangan Limbah Cair Industri Tahu di Desa Somopuro, Kecamatan Jogonalan, Kabupaten Klaten, Jawa Tengah. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Lingkungan Kebumian SATU BUMI, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.31315/psb.v3i1.6280
Arsyad, S. (2010). Konservasi Tanah & Air. IPB Press.
Asdak, C. (2023). Hidrologi dan Pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai. UGM PRESS.
Aswin, P., Anggrini, L. S., Pathori, M. A., Jumiarni, D., & Singkam, A. R. (2019). KEANEKARAGAMAN VEGETASI RIPARIAN DI SUNGAI KAMPAI KABUPATEN SELUMA. SEMIRATA BKS PTN WILAYAH BARAT BIDANG MIPA, 873–882. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/358580531_KEANEKARAGAMAN_VEGETASI_RIPARIAN_DI_SUNGAI_KAMPAI_KABUPATEN_SELUMA
BPS. (2023). Statistik Indonesia 2023 (No. 1101001). Badan Pusat Statistik Indonesia. https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2023/02/28/18018f9896f09f03580a614b/statistik-indonesia-2023.html
BPS Kota Makassar. (2023). Kota Makassar Dalam Angka 2023 (73710.2302). https://makassarkota.bps.go.id/id/publication/2023/02/28/b51bbd208d15ce2626a75efb/kota-makassar-dalam-angka-2023.html
Grey, G. W., & Deneke, F. J. (1978). Urban Forestry. Wiley.
Kim, H., Lee, D.-K., & Sung, S. (2016). Effect of Urban Green Spaces and Flooded Area Type on Flooding Probability. Sustainability, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/su8020134
Kudubun, R., Kisworo, K., & Rahardjo, D. (2020). Pengaruh tata guna lahan, tipe vegetasi riparian, dan sumber pencemar terhadap kualitas air Sungai Winongo di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Biologi, 6(1), 392–400. https://doi.org/10.24252/psb.v6i1.15902
Nitya L, A. (2017). STUDI KASUS KUALITAS AIR OVERLAND FLOW DI PERMUKIMAN BANTENG, SINDUHARJO, SLEMAN, YOGYAKARTA [Universitas Gadjah Mada]. https://etd.repository.ugm.ac.id/penelitian/detail/130619
Noor, R., Annisa, N., & Prasetia, H. (2024). PENGEMBANGAN URBAN LANDSCAPE DAN DRAINASE BERKELANJUTAN DI KOTA BANJARMASIN MENGGUNAKAN RAIN GARDEN: REVIEW DAN KETERBARUANNYA. Proceeding: Islamic University of Kalimantan, (0). https://doi.org/10.31602/piuk.v0i0.13792
Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat Nomor 5 Tahun 2008 tentang Pedoman Penyediaan dan Pemanfaatan Ruang Terbuka Hijau di Kawasan Perkotaan (2008).
Qian, L., Feng, W., Yang, Y., Zhengce, H., Mantao, L., & Yuntao, G. (2019). Comprehensive Performance Evaluation of LID Practices for the Sponge City Construction: A Case Study in Guangxi, China. Journal of Environmental Management, 231, 10–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.10.024
Rasika, M. R., Eddi Basuki Kurniawan, S., & Wisnu Sasongko, S. (2022). Kajian Pengembangan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Publik di Kecamatan Gedebage dengan Pendekatan Water Sensitive Urban Design. [Sarjana, Universitas Brawijaya]. https://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/198115/?utm_source=chatgpt.com
Shafina, G. (2023). Mayoritas Sungai di Indonesia Tercemar Ringan pada 2022. GoodStats Data. https://data.goodstats.id/statistic/mayoritas-sungai-di-indonesia-tercemar-ringan-pada-2022-cx3U6
Suripin. (2004). Sistem Drainase Perkotaan yang Berkelanjutan | PERPUSTAKAAN INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI GARUT. Andi Offset. //library.itg.ac.id%2Findex.php%3Fp%3Dshow_detail%26id%3D216%26keywords%3D
Xu, D., Liu, D., Xu, Q., & Yan, Z. (2024). Mitigating the Effects of Low-Impact Development on Waterlogging and Non-Point Pollution Under Different Confluence Relationships. Water, 16(24). https://doi.org/10.3390/w16243721
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 I Wayan Sudiyanto, Hasanuddin Molo, Rizki Amaliah, Sri Misykat Azis, Sri Magfirah HS

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The authors certify that:
- if the manuscript is co-authored, they are authorized by their co-authors to enter into these arrangements.
- the work described has not been formally published before in a registered ISSN or ISBN media, except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, or thesis.
- it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere,
- its publication has been approved by all the author(s) and by the responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – of the institutes where the work has been carried out.
- they secure the right to reproduce any material that has already been published or copyrighted elsewhere (it does not infringe on the rights of others).
- they agree to the license and copyright agreement.
All articles published are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- Authors retain copyright and other proprietary rights related to the article.
- Authors retain the right and are permitted to use the substance of the article in their own future works, including lectures and books.
- Authors grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post or self-archive their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.













